RESUMEN
We propose a justice-based partnership between employees and family members as a means to create services and support systems for people with intellectual disability, enhancing quality of life indicators. More specifically, we examine the links from mutual intergroup justice to three outcomes reported by family members: satisfaction with the center, service quality delivered by employees, and performance focused on the quality of life of people with intellectual disability. We used data from 111 centers. In each center, a group of family members (n = 845) and a group of employees (n = 914) participated. Multilevel modeling revealed that mutual intergroup justice (between employees and family members) has a positive effect on satisfaction with the center, perceptions of functional and relational service quality, and performance based on quality of life.
Asunto(s)
Discapacidad Intelectual , Calidad de Vida , Familia , Humanos , Satisfacción Personal , Justicia SocialRESUMEN
Ethical leadership has become an important field of research. This article examines the impact of ethical leadership within the context of healthcare organizations. Based on social learning theory, we examine the relationship between ethical leadership and quality of life, mediated by peer justice and moderated by trust in the leader. Participants in this study consisted of 388 professionals from 59 centers affiliated with "Plena Inclusión", an NGO whose mission is to improve the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities in Spain. Results showed a significant relationship between ethical leadership and quality of life, through a partial mediation of overall peer justice. Furthermore, the moderated indirect links between ethical leadership and quality of life through peer justice confirmed high levels of trust in the leader. Theoretical and practical implications and limitations of this research are discussed.
A liderança ética tornou-se um importante campo de pesquisa. Este artigo examina o impacto da liderança ética no contexto das organizações de saúde. Com base na teoria da aprendizagem social, examinamos a relação entre liderança ética e qualidade de vida, mediada pela justiça entre pares e moderada pela confiança no líder. Os participantes deste estudo foram 388 profissionais de 59 centros afiliados à "Plena Inclusión", uma ONG que tem como missão melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência intelectual na Espanha. Os resultados indicam uma relação significativa entre liderança ética e qualidade de vida mediada parcialmente pela justiça entre os pares. Além disso, as ligações indiretas moderadas entre a liderança ética e a qualidade de vida por meio da justiça entre pares confirmaram altos níveis de confiança no líder. São discutidas as implicações e limitações teóricas e práticas desta pesquisa.
El liderazgo ético se ha convertido en un importante campo de investigación. Este artículo examina el impacto del liderazgo ético en el contexto de las organizaciones sanitarias. Con base en la teoría del aprendizaje social, examinamos la relación entre el liderazgo ético y la calidad de vida, mediada por la justicia entre iguales y moderada por la confianza en el líder. En este estudio participaron 388 profesionales de 59 centros afiliados a "Plena Inclusión", ONG cuya misión es mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad intelectual en España. Los resultados muestran una relación significativa entre liderazgo ético y calidad de vida a través de la mediación parcial de la justicia entre iguales. Además, los vínculos indirectos moderados entre el liderazgo ético y la calidad de vida a través de la justicia entre iguales confirmaron altos niveles de confianza en el líder. Se discuten las implicaciones y limitaciones teóricas y prácticas de esta investigación.
RESUMEN
To achieve their goals, organizations for individuals with intellectual disability have to stimulate high-quality relationships between professionals and family members. Therefore, achieving professionals' trust in family members has become a challenge. One relevant factor in explaining professional's trust in families is the degree to which family members use the "problem-solving" conflict management strategy (high concern for oneself but also for the other party) in their disputes-disagreements with professionals. It is reasonable to argue that when family members use problem-solving conflict management, professionals' trust increases. Professionals' trust, in turn, stimulates the use of problem-solving strategies by family members. However, it is also plausible that professionals are the initiators of this positive spiral (professionals' trust-problem-solving conflict management by family members-professionals' trust). To examine this relationship between problem solving and trust over time, we conducted a longitudinal survey study in which 329 professionals reported on these two constructs three times (with 4 weeks between the measurements). Using structural equation modeling, we compared four nested models: (a) stability, (b) causality (where the problem-solving strategy by familiar members is the initiator of the spiral), (c) reversed causation (where the professional's trust is the initiator of the spiral), and (d) reciprocal (where problem-solving conflict management and trust reinforce each other). The results of the χ2 difference tests, regarding the comparison of the models, showed that the reciprocal model was significantly superior to the alternative proposals. Our findings supported a complex view of the relationships between problem-solving conflict management and trust, based on dynamic reciprocal relationships over time.
